TRDS00NOR Site Information Form (site log)
     International GNSS Service
     See Instructions at:
       https://files.igscb.org/pub/station/general/sitelog_instr.txt


0.   Form

     Prepared by (full name)  : Aasmund Steen Skjaeveland
     Date Prepared            : 2021-11-27
     Report Type              : UPDATE
     If Update:
      Previous Site Log       : trds00nor_20200131.log
      Modified/Added Sections : 3.20, 3.21


1.   Site Identification of the GNSS Monument

     Site Name                : TRONDHEIM
     Four Character ID        : TRDS
     Monument Inscription     : STATENS KARTVERK
     IERS DOMES Number        : 10331M001
     CDP Number               : (A4)
     Monument Description     : STEEL MAST
       Height of the Monument : (m)
       Monument Foundation    : STEEL RODS
       Foundation Depth       : 0.5 m
     Marker Description       : BRASS NAIL
     Date Installed           : 1995-01-01
     Geologic Characteristic  : BEDROCK
       Bedrock Type           : (IGNEOUS/METAMORPHIC/SEDIMENTARY)
       Bedrock Condition      : FRESH
       Fracture Spacing       : over 200 cm
       Fault zones nearby     : NO
         Distance/activity    : (multiple lines)
     Additional Information   : Day of year not known


2.   Site Location Information

     City or Town             : Trondheim
     State or Province        : SOER TROENDERLAG
     Country                  : Norway
     Tectonic Plate           : EURASIAN
     Approximate Position (ITRF)
       X coordinate (m)       : 2820171.114
       Y coordinate (m)       : 513485.905
       Z coordinate (m)       : 5678935.754
       Latitude (N is +)      : +632216.97
       Longitude (E is +)     : +0101908.95
       Elevation (m,ellips.)  : 317.7
     Additional Information   : Local name is : SOEREMSAASEN


3.   GNSS Receiver Information

3.1  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE 4000SSI
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 3537A12386
     Firmware Version         : 7.04
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 10 deg
     Date Installed           : 1995-09-27
     Date Removed             : 1999-12-21T13:18Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.2  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE 4000SSI
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 3537A12386
     Firmware Version         : 7.29
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 10 deg
     Date Installed           : 1999-12-21T16:00Z
     Date Removed             : 2000-04-25T13:45Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.3  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE MS750
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 220191078
     Firmware Version         : 1.20
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 7 deg
     Date Installed           : 2000-04-25T14:05Z
     Date Removed             : 2004-11-25T13:54Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.4  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETRS
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4439239161
     Firmware Version         : 0.3-3
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2004-11-25T13:54Z
     Date Removed             : 2005-07-07T09:20Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.5  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETRS
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4439239123
     Firmware Version         : 0.3-3
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2005-07-07T09:36Z
     Date Removed             : 2005-07-11T14:09Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.6  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETRS
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4439239123
     Firmware Version         : 1.1-3
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2005-07-11T14:14Z
     Date Removed             : 2006-03-09T15:37Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.7  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETRS
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4439239123
     Firmware Version         : 1.1-5
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2006-03-09T15:42Z
     Date Removed             : 2009-05-08T14:00Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.8  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR8
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4843K33430
     Firmware Version         : 3.80
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2009-05-08T14:15Z
     Date Removed             : 2009-08-31T18:39Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.9  Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR8
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4843K33430
     Firmware Version         : 4.03
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 5 deg
     Date Installed           : 2009-08-31T18:51Z
     Date Removed             : 2011-03-28T15:51Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.10 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR8
     Satellite System         : GPS
     Serial Number            : 4843K33430
     Firmware Version         : 4.22
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2011-03-28T16:53Z
     Date Removed             : 2015-01-29T17:00Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.11 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR8
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO
     Serial Number            : 4843K33430
     Firmware Version         : 4.41
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2015-01-29T17:00Z
     Date Removed             : 2016-02-29T12:00Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.12 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR8
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO
     Serial Number            : 4843K33430
     Firmware Version         : 4.87
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2016-02-29T12:00Z
     Date Removed             : 2016-04-15T12:00Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.13 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.10
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2016-04-15T12:00Z
     Date Removed             : 2017-03-22T12:36Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (deg C) +/- (deg C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.14 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.20
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2017-03-22T12:36Z
     Date Removed             : 2018-02-16T09:19Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.15 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.22
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2018-02-16T09:19Z
     Date Removed             : 2018-10-25T17:55Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.16 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.33
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2018-10-25T17:55Z
     Date Removed             : 2018-11-29T09:23Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.17 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.37
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2018-11-29T09:23Z
     Date Removed             : 2019-08-29T17:38Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.18 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.42
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2019-08-29T17:38Z
     Date Removed             : 2019-10-31T17:20Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.19 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.43
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2019-10-31T17:20Z
     Date Removed             : 2020-01-30T20:30Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.20 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.44
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2020-01-30T20:30Z
     Date Removed             : 2021-11-25T17:41Z
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.21 Receiver Type            : TRIMBLE NETR9
     Satellite System         : GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS
     Serial Number            : 5547R50473
     Firmware Version         : 5.52
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : 0 deg
     Date Installed           : 2021-11-25T17:41Z
     Date Removed             : CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : none
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)

3.x  Receiver Type            : (A20, from rcvr_ant.tab; see instructions)
     Satellite System         : (GPS+GLO+GAL+BDS+QZSS+IRNSS+SBAS)
     Serial Number            : (A20, but note the first A5 is used in SINEX)
     Firmware Version         : (A11)
     Elevation Cutoff Setting : (deg)
     Date Installed           : (CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ)
     Date Removed             : (CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ)
     Temperature Stabiliz.    : (none or tolerance in degrees C)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)


4.   GNSS Antenna Information

4.1  Antenna Type             : TRM23903.00     NONE
     Serial Number            : 0220013548
     Antenna Reference Point  : BPA
     Marker->ARP Up Ecc. (m)  :   5.0720
     Marker->ARP North Ecc(m) :   0.0180
     Marker->ARP East Ecc(m)  :   0.0040
     Alignment from True N    : 0 deg
     Antenna Radome Type      : NONE
     Radome Serial Number     : NONE
     Antenna Cable Type       : (vendor & type number)
     Antenna Cable Length     : (m)
     Date Installed           : 1995-09-27
     Date Removed             : 1997-10-16
     Additional Information   : The antenna IS NOT a TR GEOD L1/L2 GP

4.2  Antenna Type             : TRM29659.00     SCIS
     Serial Number            : 0220098661
     Antenna Reference Point  : BPA
     Marker->ARP Up Ecc. (m)  :   5.0720
     Marker->ARP North Ecc(m) :   0.0180
     Marker->ARP East Ecc(m)  :   0.0040
     Alignment from True N    : 180 deg
     Antenna Radome Type      : SCIS
     Radome Serial Number     : 00009
     Antenna Cable Type       : (vendor & type number)
     Antenna Cable Length     : (m)
     Date Installed           : 1997-10-16T07:39Z
     Date Removed             : 1998-06-21T21:45Z
     Additional Information   : Antenna Radome Type: 45 degree angel roof
                              : made of glassfiber
                              : Degree Offset from North : 180?
                              : Antenna contact was pointing towards South

4.3  Antenna Type             : TRM29659.00     SCIS
     Serial Number            : 0220098661
     Antenna Reference Point  : BPA
     Marker->ARP Up Ecc. (m)  :   5.5460
     Marker->ARP North Ecc(m) :   0.0180
     Marker->ARP East Ecc(m)  :   0.0070
     Alignment from True N    : 0 deg
     Antenna Radome Type      : SCIS
     Radome Serial Number     : 00009
     Antenna Cable Type       : (vendor & type number)
     Antenna Cable Length     : (m)
     Date Installed           : 1998-06-21T23:15Z
     Date Removed             : 2007-05-07T14:00Z
     Additional Information   : Antenna contact pointing towards North

4.4  Antenna Type             : TRM55971.00     NONE
     Serial Number            : 30318098
     Antenna Reference Point  : BAM
     Marker->ARP Up Ecc. (m)  :   5.5460
     Marker->ARP North Ecc(m) :   0.0180
     Marker->ARP East Ecc(m)  :   0.0070
     Alignment from True N    : 0 deg
     Antenna Radome Type      : NONE
     Radome Serial Number     : 
     Antenna Cable Type       : (vendor & type number)
     Antenna Cable Length     : (m)
     Date Installed           : 2007-05-07T16:07Z
     Date Removed             : CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ
     Additional Information   : Antenna contact pointing towards North

4.x  Antenna Type             : (A20, from rcvr_ant.tab; see instructions)
     Serial Number            : (A*, but note the first A5 is used in SINEX)
     Antenna Reference Point  : (BPA/BCR/XXX from "antenna.gra"; see instr.)
     Marker->ARP Up Ecc. (m)  : (F8.4)
     Marker->ARP North Ecc(m) : (F8.4)
     Marker->ARP East Ecc(m)  : (F8.4)
     Alignment from True N    : (deg; + is clockwise/east)
     Antenna Radome Type      : (A4 from rcvr_ant.tab; see instructions)
     Radome Serial Number     : 
     Antenna Cable Type       : (vendor & type number)
     Antenna Cable Length     : (m)
     Date Installed           : (CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ)
     Date Removed             : (CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)


5.   Surveyed Local Ties

5.1  Tied Marker Name         : ARP of TRIMBLE permanent L1/L2
     Tied Marker Usage        : LOCAL CONTROL/FOOTPRINT/
     Tied Marker CDP Number   : (A4)
     Tied Marker DOMES Number : (A9)
     Differential Components from GNSS Marker to the tied monument (ITRS)
       dx (m)                 : 2.220 m
       dy (m)                 : 0.408 m
       dz (m)                 : 4.542 m
     Accuracy (mm)            : 1 mm
     Survey method            : TRIANGULATION
     Date Measured            : 1995-09-27
     Additional Information   : Differential coordinates from the GPS
                              : monument to the reference and other
                              : monuments.
                              : The components are parallel to the XYZ-axes
                              : of the global geocentric reference system
                              : ITRF (WGS-84). Differential Components from
                              : GPS Mark to Site Reference
                              : (ITRS)(ARP minus top bolt)

5.2  Tied Marker Name         : BPA of TRM29659.00
     Tied Marker Usage        : LOCAL CONTROL/FOOTPRINT
     Tied Marker CDP Number   : (A4)
     Tied Marker DOMES Number : (A9)
     Differential Components from GNSS Marker to the tied monument (ITRS)
       dx (m)                 : 2.220 m
       dy (m)                 : 0.408 m
       dz (m)                 : 4.542 m
     Accuracy (mm)            : 1 mm
     Survey method            : TRIANGULATION
     Date Measured            : 1995-09-27
     Additional Information   : Differential coordinates from the GPS
                              : monument to the reference and other
                              : monuments.
                              : The components are parallel to the XYZ-axes
                              : of the global geocentric reference system
                              : ITRF (WGS-84). Differential Components from
                              : GPS Mark to Site Reference (ITRS)
                              : ARP minus top bolt )

5.3  Tied Marker Name         : BPA of TRM29659.00
     Tied Marker Usage        : LOCAL CONTROL/FOOTPRINT
     Tied Marker CDP Number   : (A4)
     Tied Marker DOMES Number : (A9)
     Differential Components from GNSS Marker to the tied monument (ITRS)
       dx (m)                 : 2.428 m
       dy (m)                 : 0.448 m
       dz (m)                 : 4.966 m
     Accuracy (mm)            : 2 mm
     Survey method            : TRIANGULATION
     Date Measured            : 1998-06-21
     Additional Information   : Differential coordinates from the GPS
                              : monument to the reference and other
                              : monuments.
                              : The components are parallel to the XYZ-axes
                              : of the global geocentric reference system
                              : ITRF (WGS-84). Differential Components from
                              : GPS Mark to Site Reference (ITRS)
                              : ( ARP minus top bolt )

5.x  Tied Marker Name         : 
     Tied Marker Usage        : (SLR/VLBI/LOCAL CONTROL/FOOTPRINT/etc)
     Tied Marker CDP Number   : (A4)
     Tied Marker DOMES Number : (A9)
     Differential Components from GNSS Marker to the tied monument (ITRS)
       dx (m)                 : (m)
       dy (m)                 : (m)
       dz (m)                 : (m)
     Accuracy (mm)            : (mm)
     Survey method            : (GPS CAMPAIGN/TRILATERATION/TRIANGULATION/etc)
     Date Measured            : (CCYY-MM-DDThh:mmZ)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)


6.   Frequency Standard

6.1  Standard Type            : INTERNAL 
       Input Frequency        : (if external)
       Effective Dates        : 1995-09-27/CCYY-MM-DD
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)

6.x  Standard Type            : (INTERNAL or EXTERNAL H-MASER/CESIUM/etc)
       Input Frequency        : (if external)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)


7.   Collocation Information

7.x  Instrumentation Type     : (GPS/GLONASS/DORIS/PRARE/SLR/VLBI/TIME/etc)
       Status                 : (PERMANENT/MOBILE)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)


8.   Meteorological Instrumentation

8.1.x  Humidity Sensor Model  : 
       Manufacturer           : 
       Serial Number          : 
       Data Sampling Interval : (sec)
       Accuracy (% rel h)     : (% rel h)
       Aspiration             : (UNASPIRATED/NATURAL/FAN/etc)
       Height Diff to Ant     : (m)
       Calibration date       : (CCYY-MM-DD)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)

8.2.x  Pressure Sensor Model  : 
       Manufacturer           : 
       Serial Number          : 
       Data Sampling Interval : (sec)
       Accuracy               : (hPa)
       Height Diff to Ant     : (m)
       Calibration date       : (CCYY-MM-DD)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)

8.3.x  Temp. Sensor Model     : 
       Manufacturer           : 
       Serial Number          : 
       Data Sampling Interval : (sec)
       Accuracy               : (deg C)
       Aspiration             : (UNASPIRATED/NATURAL/FAN/etc)
       Height Diff to Ant     : (m)
       Calibration date       : (CCYY-MM-DD)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)

8.4.x  Water Vapor Radiometer : 
       Manufacturer           : 
       Serial Number          : 
       Distance to Antenna    : (m)
       Height Diff to Ant     : (m)
       Calibration date       : (CCYY-MM-DD)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Notes                  : (multiple lines)

8.5.x  Other Instrumentation  : (multiple lines)


9.   Local Ongoing Conditions Possibly Affecting Computed Position

9.1.x  Radio Interferences    : (TV/CELL PHONE ANTENNA/RADAR/etc)
       Observed Degradations  : (SN RATIO/DATA GAPS/etc)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Additional Information : (multiple lines)

9.2.x  Multipath Sources      : (METAL ROOF/DOME/VLBI ANTENNA/etc)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Additional Information : (multiple lines)

9.3.1  Signal Obstructions    : TREES/MAST
       Effective Dates        : 1995-01-01/CCYY-MM-DD
       Additional Information : (multiple lines)

9.3.x  Signal Obstructions    : (TREES/BUILDINGS/etc)
       Effective Dates        : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
       Additional Information : (multiple lines)


10.  Local Episodic Effects Possibly Affecting Data Quality

10.1  Date                    : 2018-11-12/2018-11-14
      Event                   : TREE CLEARING

10.x  Date                    : (CCYY-MM-DD/CCYY-MM-DD)
      Event                   : (TREE CLEARING/CONSTRUCTION/etc)


11.  On-Site, Point of Contact Agency Information

     Agency                   : Norwegian Mapping Authority
                              : Geodetic Institute
     Preferred Abbreviation   : NMA
     Mailing Address          : Kartverksveien 21 / P.O.Box 600 Sentrum
                              : N-3507 Honefoss
                              : Norway
     Primary Contact
       Contact Name           : SATREF Control Centre
       Telephone (primary)    : +47 32 11 82 69
       Telephone (secondary)  : 
       Fax                    : +47 32 11 81 01
       E-mail                 : satref@kartverket.no
     Secondary Contact
       Contact Name           : Aasmund Steen Skjaeveland
       Telephone (primary)    : +47 32 11 84 52
       Telephone (secondary)  : 
       Fax                    : +47 32 11 81 01
       E-mail                 : asmund.skjaeveland@kartverket.no
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)




12.  Responsible Agency (if different from 11.)

     Agency                   : (multiple lines)
     Preferred Abbreviation   : (A10)
     Mailing Address          : (multiple lines)
     Primary Contact
       Contact Name           : 
       Telephone (primary)    : 
       Telephone (secondary)  : 
       Fax                    : 
       E-mail                 : 
     Secondary Contact
       Contact Name           : 
       Telephone (primary)    : 
       Telephone (secondary)  : 
       Fax                    : 
       E-mail                 : 
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)


13.  More Information

     Primary Data Center      : BKG
     Secondary Data Center    : 
     URL for More Information : 
     Hardcopy on File
       Site Map               : (Y or URL)
       Site Diagram           : (Y or URL)
       Horizon Mask           : (Y or URL)
       Monument Description   : (Y or URL)
       Site Pictures          : (Y or URL)
     Additional Information   : (multiple lines)
     Antenna Graphics with Dimensions

TRM29659.00
Trimble L1/L2 Dorne Margolin element with chokerings
Model 29659.00
                       +-------+
                     /     +     \                        <--  0.1280 L2
                    |      +      |                       <--  0.1100 L1
  +--------------------------------------------------+    <--  0.1020 TCR
  |                                                  |
  |                                                  |
  |                                                  |
  |                                                  |
+-+--------------------------------------------------+-+  <--  0.0380
+-------------------+-------------+--------------------+  <--  0.0350 BCR
                    |             |
                    |             |
                    +------x------+                       <--  0.0000 BPA=ARP

<--                      0.3810                      -->

   ARP: Antenna Reference Point
   L1 : L1 Phase Center                   L2 : L2 Phase Center

TRM55971.00
TRM57971.00
TRM77971.00
RNG80971.00

   / --------------------------------------------- \
  +                                                 +
   \ --------------------------------------------- /
                   \               /
                    \             /
                     \-----x-----/                        <--  0.0000  BAM=ARP
                                                                       RXC=NRP
  <--                    0.3396                   -->                  Notches